Reported speech - Косвенная речь (используется для передачи чужих слов и имеет свои правила). 

1) При преобразовании прямой речи в косвенную, если глагол основного предложения стоит в настоящем времени,

то время глагола придаточного предложения не меняется.

He My friend His mother	says	(that )	-------     ======== ..........	My friend says that he lives in Moscow. His girlfriend says that she has been to Spain twice.
They  Our friends	say			They say that they are in Europe now. My parents say that they love me.

Например:

Lena: I like music. - Lena says that she likes music.

Peter: I was there. - Peter says that he was there.

 

2) Если глагол основного предложения стоит в одном из прошедших времен, происходит согласование времен.

Глагол придаточного предложения уходит на 1 время назад.

am  / is     -    was	do  /  does   -    did	may - might
are - were	can - could	shall - should
V1 - V2	will - would	must/ have / has to   -   had to
V 2 - V2/ had V3	have / has  -   had
Обстоятельство времени и места
today - that day	last year   - the year before	now - then
tonight - that night	next year   -  the following year	this - that
yesterday - the day before	this evening  -   that evening	these - those
tomorrow - the next day	a week ago    - a week before	here - there

 

 

Примеры:

Прямая речь	косвенная речь
1. Susan said: "I like ice cream."	Susan said that she liked ice cream.
2. The Browns said: "We are at home now."	The Browns said they were at home then.
3. Carol said: "Her father is sitting at the table."	Carol said that her father was sitting at the table.
4. Mother said: "My son always goes to bed early."	Mother said that her son always went to bed early.
5. Mrs Smith said: "I often drive to London this year."	Mrs Smith said that she often drove to London that year.
6. Bill said: "I'm going to watch TV tonight."	Bill said he was going to watch TV that night.
7. She said: "We had a day away at the beach."	She said that they had had a day away at the beach.
8. He said: "My mum took us to the cinema last week."	He said that his mum had taken them to the cinema   the week before / the previous week.
9. He said: "We have never seen such a beautiful view"	He said that they had never seen such a beautiful view.
10. Mrs Brown said: "We went to the theater        yesterday".	Mrs Brown said that they had gone to the theater  the day  before.
11. He said: " I will call you tomorrow"	He said that he would call me   the next day / the following day..
12. She said: "I can always help you".	She said that she could always help me/ us.

 

Косвенный вопрос:

*строится по типу утвердительного предложения (___ ===== ....)

* не нужны вспомогательные глаголы do/ does/ did

* не нужен вопросительный знак в конце предложения

* вводятся союзами if / whether (ли) - если это общий вопрос (без вопросительного слова)

или вопросительными союзами when/ why/ what/ where/ how etc - если это специальный вопрос (с вопросительным словом)

* действует правило согласования времен

 

Прямой вопрос	Косвенный вопрос
Where do you live?	My friend asked me where I lived.
What is her name?	My friend asked what her name was.
Why was nobody at home?	My friend asked why nobody had been at home
When did they lose their way?	My mother asked when they had lost their way.
Are you from England?	They asked if/ whether I was from England.
Does your sister speak English?	He asked if/ whether my sister spoke English.

 

Просьбы и приказы в косвенной речи:

вводятся глаголами ask (просить), tell (говорить), order (приказывать) , remind (напоминать), advise (советовать) и т.д.

Кто-то	попросил	кого-то	сделать что-то / не делать чего-то
He	asked told advised reminded	me him	to do (сделать что-либо)
She			not  to do (не делать чего-либо)
They
The teacher

 

Our teacher told us to learn the poem by heart. 

She advised me to buy that dress.

They reminded us not to open the door to unknown people.

Видео по теме

Видео по теме от JenniferESL

 

 

Онлайн упражнения:  

Reported speech 1                                                Reported_speech_6

Reported speech 2                                                Reported_speech_7

Reported speech 3                                                Reported_speech_8

Reported speech 4                                                Reported_speech_9

Reported speech 5                                                Reported_speech_10

Упражнения из учебника Голицынского 

 

Exercise 1: Rewrite the following sentences in reported speech:

1. "I passed my driving test!" exclaimed Jane.
2. "I can't believe you did that!" shouted Jack.
3. "I'm really tired," said Sarah, "I think I'm going to go to bed early tonight."
4. "I'm sorry, I can't come to the party," said Tom, "I have to work late."
5. "I'm so excited for our trip!" exclaimed Emily.
6. "I'm afraid I don't know the answer," said John.
7. "I think we should take the train," suggested Mark.
8. "I had a great time at the concert," said Mary.
9. "I don't like sushi," said Mike, "but I'll try it anyway."
10. "I need to take a break," said Lisa, "I've been working all day."

Exercise 2: Rewrite the following sentences in reported speech:

1. "I'm going to study abroad next semester," said Kelly.
2. "I've never been to Paris before," said Jake.
3. "I'll call you later," said David.
4. "I'm sorry, I forgot your birthday," said Sarah.
5. "I'm really looking forward to the weekend," said Emily.
6. "I can't go to the party, I have other plans," said Tom.
7. "I think we should take a different route," suggested Mark.
8. "I'm not feeling well," said Mary.
9. "I'm not sure what to do," said Mike.
10. "I'm really enjoying this book," said Lisa.

Exercise 3: Rewrite the following sentences in reported speech:

1. "I need to finish this project by Friday," said John.
2. "I'm going to start a new job next week," said Emily.
3. "I can't believe it's already been a year," said Tom.
4. "I'm really looking forward to the concert," said Mary.
5. "I'm sorry, I can't come to the meeting," said Mike.
6. "I don't like to watch horror movies," said Lisa.
7. "I'm not sure what to wear," said Kelly.
8. "I think we should leave early," suggested Jake.
9. "I'm really tired," said David.
10. "I'm so glad you could come," said Sarah.

Reported questions 
 

Exercise 1: Rewrite the following direct questions in reported questions:

1. "Where did you go on vacation?" asked John.
2. "Who is your favorite author?" asked Sarah.
3. "When is your birthday?" asked Mark.
4. "Why did you move to this city?" asked Emily.
5. "How do you like your new job?" asked Tom.
6. "What is your favorite food?" asked Mary.
7. "How often do you exercise?" asked Mike.
8. "What time does the movie start?" asked Lisa.
9. "Have you ever been to Asia?" asked Kelly.
10. "Did you have a good weekend?" asked David.

Exercise 2: Rewrite the following reported questions in direct questions:

1. She asked if I had any siblings.
2. He wondered if I could help him with his project.
3. They asked if we wanted to join them for dinner.
4. She asked if I had seen the latest episode of the TV show.
5. He asked if I could lend him some money.
6. She asked if I knew how to cook.
7. They asked if we had any plans for the weekend.
8. She wondered if I had read the latest book by the author.
9. He asked if I had a favorite sports team.
10. She asked if I had ever been to a music festival.

Exercise 3: Rewrite the following direct questions in reported questions:

1. "What time is the meeting?" asked John.
2. "Are you free tonight?" asked Emily.
3. "Do you want to go to the beach this weekend?" asked Sarah.
4. "Why did you choose that restaurant?" asked Tom.
5. "How long have you been studying English?" asked Mary.
6. "What is your favorite movie?" asked Mike.
7. "Do you have any plans for the summer?" asked Lisa.
8. "Have you finished your homework?" asked Kelly.
9. "Did you like the concert last night?" asked Jake.
10. "How was your day at work?" asked David.
    
    Reported requests

    Exercise 1: Rewrite the following direct requests in reported requests:

11. "Can you please close the window?" asked John.
12. "Will you help me with my homework?" asked Sarah.
13. "Could you pass me the salt, please?" asked Mark.
14. "Would you mind turning down the music?" asked Emily.
15. "Can I borrow your phone for a minute?" asked Tom.
16. "Would you be able to pick me up from the airport?" asked Mary.
17. "Can you help me move this table?" asked Mike.
18. "Could you please make me a cup of coffee?" asked Lisa.
19. "Can you give me a ride to the train station?" asked Kelly.
20. "Will you please feed the cat while I'm away?" asked David.

21. Exercise 2: Rewrite the following reported requests in direct requests:

22. She asked me to close the door.
23. He requested that we turn off our phones during the movie.
24. They asked me to help them move their furniture.
25. She asked me to water her plants while she was on vacation.
26. He requested that we arrive early for the meeting.
27. She asked me to pass her the book on the shelf.
28. They asked me to join them for dinner next week.
29. She requested that I bring dessert to the party.
30. He asked me to proofread his essay.
31. She requested that we keep the noise level down.

32. Exercise 3: Rewrite the following direct requests in reported requests:

33. "Can you give me a ride to the airport?" asked John.
34. "Will you please turn off the lights?" asked Emily.
35. "Could you help me carry these bags?" asked Sarah.
36. "Would you mind picking up some milk from the store?" asked Tom.
37. "Can I have a glass of water?" asked Mary.
38. "Would you be able to fix my computer?" asked Mike.
39. "Can you please buy me some stamps?" asked Lisa.
40. "Could you lend me your car for the day?" asked Kelly.
41. "Will you help me paint the room?" asked Jake.
42. "Can you give me a hand with this puzzle?" asked David.