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Главная » 2015 » Октябрь » 7 » Passive Voice
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Пассивный залог в английском языке
* строится при помощи глагола to be + V3 осн. глагола ( правильные с окончанием ed, неправильные V3)
* употребляем, если нам неизвестно или не важно, кто совершает или совершил действие. Главное, что действие совершается или совершено.
*если все-таки мы называем источник действия, то используем предлог BY
инструмент действия - with
ингредиенты - from
Видо-временные формы
|
SIMPLE
|
слова - маркеры времени |
| Simple Present Passive |
am
is
are
|
V3 |
I am often asked about my work.
Cheese is made from milk.
The rooms in our hotel are cleaned daily.
|
always, usually, often, sometimes,
seldom, rarely, never
every day/ week/ month/ year/
once/ twice/ .. times a day/week/month
|
|
Simple
Past
Passive
|
was
were
|
V3 |
The museum was opened last week.
They were greeted by their friends.
|
yesterday, the day before yesterday
last week/ month/ year / summer ....
..... days/ weeks/ years ago
in 2001/ 1998 ......
|
|
Simple
Future
Passive
|
will be
|
V3
|
The exhibition will be opened next month.
|
tomorrow, the day after tomorrow
next week/ month/ year/ summer/ winter
in ... days/ weeks/ years ...
|
|
CONTINUOUS/ PROGRESSIVE
|
|
Present
Continuous
Passive
|
am
is
are
|
being |
V3 |
I am being examined now.
The room is being cleaned now,
so you have to wait.
|
now
at the moment
at present
Look!
Listen!
|
|
Past
Continuous
Passive
|
was
were
|
being |
V3 |
When I entered the room the
latest news was being discussed.
They were being asked a lot of questions during the interview.
|
yesterday at 7 o'clock
this time last week
from 3 to (till) 6 yesterday
for 2 days last week
all day long/ all night long
when smth happened
while smth was happening
|
|
Future
Continuous
Passive
|
нет
|
|
|
Perfect
|
|
Present
Perfect
Passive
|
have
has
|
been |
V3 |
The clothes have been washed.
The homework has been done.
|
already, ever, never, just
before. yet, recently, lately
today, this week/ month/ year
once/ twice/ ... times ....
by now/ so far
since
for
|
|
Past
Perfect
Passive
|
had |
been |
V3 |
When I came home the homework
had already been done by my son.
|
by ... o'clock yesterday
by the end of last year
before smth happened
after smth had happened
|
|
Future
Perfect
Passive
|
will have
|
been |
V3 |
When he comes home everything will have been prepared.
|
by ....o'clock tomorrow
by next week/ month/ year/ summer
when smth happens
|
Пассив с модальными глаголами
| |
can
can't
could
couldn't
must
may
might
should
have to
has to
|
be
|
V3
|
This text must be translated by tomorrow.
A lot of new houses should be built in this city.
|
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